The coastal zone is a complex system characterized by subsystems (e.g., environmental, societal, economic), multi-factor, and multi-dimension with complicated human-sea relations. Scientific-based system models are urgently needed to enhance our understanding of human-sea relationships. Yet, the current human-sea coupling system model is still at the conceptual stage. In this talk, I propose to develop a human-sea coupling system model named Human-Sea Coupling Optimization (HSCO) based on the system of systems approach. The system model consists of the environmental module, socio-economic module, and land use module with key elements and stakeholders (e.g., government, enterprises) in the human-sea coupled system. The current status of HSCO development will be introduced and modeling experience will be shared in this talk.
 

System model, human-sea coupling system, sustainability, coastal sustainable development