1190 / 2024-09-20 16:28:04
Investigation of Hybridization and Introgression in Acropora cf humilis group: Implications for Adaptive Evolution
Coral hybridization,Introgression,Acropora,Adaptive potential
Session 9 - Global Ocean Changes: Regional Processes and Ecological Impacts
Abstract Accepted
Ariyo Imanuel Tarigan / University of the Ryukyus
Hybridization and introgression are increasingly recognized as important evolutionary processes, yet their prevalence and significance in marine ecosystems remain understudied. Our research focuses on the Acropora cf humilis group of corals, providing compelling evidence that challenges the notion that hybridization is rare in nature. We investigate the frequency, extent, and potential adaptive role of hybridization in this coral group, particularly in the context of environmental stressors such as mass bleaching events. Through a combination of taxonomy, controlled breeding experiments, field observations, and genomic analyses, we demonstrate that hybridization and introgression occur in this coral group. Our crossing trial analyses revealed high bidirectional gamete compatibility between different species, indicating a significant potential for interspecific breeding. This finding was further corroborated by the discovery of several hybrid colonies in natural reef environments, suggesting that introgression is an ongoing process in wild populations. To quantify the extent of historical gene flow, we conducted comprehensive introgression and demographic analyses using high-throughput genomic datasets and fastsimcoal2. These analyses provided robust evidence of significant genetic exchange between species, particularly after heavy bleaching events. Suggesting that hybridization may serve as a mechanism for rapid genetic adaptation in response to extreme environmental stressors. Complementing our genomic findings, our morphological assessments revealed that F2 hybrid colonies consistently exhibited larger branches compared to their parent species. We interpret this phenotypic difference as a potential adaptive response to environmental conditions, suggesting that hybridization may confer fitness advantages in certain ecological contexts.These findings collectively imply that hybridization and introgression may be more integral to coral evolution than previously recognized, potentially serving as mechanisms for rapid adaptation in the face of changing environmental conditions. Understanding the extent and dynamics of hybridization in coral populations could inform more effective strategies for enhancing reef resilience against the mounting pressures of anthropogenic stressors. Our research contributes to a growing body of evidence challenging traditional views on the prevalence and significance of hybridization in nature, necessitating a reevaluation of its role in both evolutionary processes and conservation paradigms. Future research directions will be focus on investigating the potential for hybridization-mediated adaptation across a broader range of coral taxa. Additionally, exploring the genomic architecture underlying hybrid fitness and the long-term evolutionary consequences of introgression will be crucial for developing a more comprehensive understanding of coral reef evolution.